Based on surveys in five countries, presents the results of the incidence of black activities, including black hours worked and black wages.

This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.

We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow ec

This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to incr

This original and insightful handbook presents the latest research on the size and development of the shadow economy (also known as the black or underground eco